The Fed-4 camera is intended for amateur and professional photography on black-and-white and colour standard perforated 35 mm. film.
The camera will operate reliably during many years providing it is correctly handled according to the rules laid down in the present Manual.
Do not exert excessive efforts in handling with the camera, protect it from dust, try not to touch its optics.
There may be some negligible discrepancies between the description and the camera as a result of continuous development of the design.
Size of picture
24 x 36 mm.
Magazine charging capacity
1.65 m. for 36 pictures
Lens
anastigmat Industar-61 f/2.8 53 mm.
Lens connecting thread
M39 x 1 mm.
Coupling dimensions for attachments - plane
42 mm.
Coupling dimensions for attachments - threaded
M40.5 x 0.5 mm.
Focusing Range
From 1 m. to infinity
Viewfinder
Optical, coupled with rangefinder, provided with dioptric correction of +/- 2D.
Shutter
Curtain-type, with speeds from 1 to 1/500 and B (by hand)
Exposure Meter
Photoelectric, single range
Automatic releaser
Mechanical
Synchronizer
X-contact, for electronic flash lamps
Tripod thread
1/4 inch
Mass of camera in case
0.99 kg.
The delivery set of camera Fed-4 comprises
1. Camera2. Case
3. Magazine
4. Lens cap
5. Instructions
6. Box.
The main units of the camera are the body which houses the mechanisms of the shutter, automatic releaser, synchronizer, exposure meter, range-and-viewfinder, picture counter, and the lens with diaphragm, depth-of-field and distance scales. The lens is fastened to the body with the aid of a thread.
The camera controls and functional units are shown in Figs. 1 and 2. (see main pictures)
Preparation of the camera for shooting consists in its loading by the magazine with film. The loading is carried out under ordinary soft lighting conditions.
By turning the case nut unscrew the screw retaining the camera in the case. Remove the camera from the case.
Figure 3
Raise the lock shackles of camera cover 18 and turn them half-way round as far as they go according to Fig. 3.
Figure 4
Then. pressing with the thumbs on the cover, shift it in the direction of the arrow as shown in Fig. 4 and take off the camera.
Figure 5
Having pulled out the free end of the film about 10 cm. long from the magazine, fasten it on the reel in such a way that the spring tooth enters one of the film perforations as shown in Fig. 5.
Fit the take-up reel on the bush and then place the magazine in the camera.
Figure 6
Turning shutter cocking lever 17, wind the film onto the take-up reel. At this point the film should be slightly stretched and the teeth of the sprocket should enter the perforations of the film. This moment of loading you can see in Fig. 6.
Put the cover on the camera and push its edge under the shield. Turn the lock shackles half-way round and lower them into the recesses.
The unexposed film is fed to the picture aperture by cocking the shutter twice, pressing on shutter release button 16 after each cocking. The shutter cocking lever should be turned each time as far as it goes, otherwise the button will be interlocked, and when pressing on it the shutter will not operate.
Figure 7
Now, by turning the scale of the picture counter dial 6, set the "O" point against index 5 as shown in Fig. 7.
Fig. 7 shows the film-type indicator dial arranged on the picture counter. Conventional designs of film types are marked on the dial.
Upon completing the loading of the camera with the film, turn dial 7 until the symbol corresponding to the type of film with which you loaded the camera is aligned with index 19.
The film indicator dial will help you to remember by what type of film the camera is loaded when you want to take pictures after a long interval.
Then turn dial 26 of the calculator until the number corresponding to the sensitivity of the film put into the camera ia aligned with calculator index 27. The calculator is shown in Fig. 11.
So, you have loaded the camera and may begin shooting.
Figure 8
Having chosen the place for shooting, open the camera case, take the cap off the lens and looking through the eyepiece of view-and-rangefinder 20 check how the chosen subject is arranged within the limits of the field of view of the view-finder.
In order to set the camera at an accurate focus, first turn dioptric correction ring 12 and focus the view-finder by your own sight.
Figure 10
Focus the lens. With this purpose by turning distance scale 23 align two images seen in the circle of the field of view of the view-finder, as shown in Fig. 10, into one.
When photographing the remote subjects, or if the distance to the subject to be photographed is known, the lens may be focused by the distance scale.
Figure 9
In the case of photographing the subjects having a significant stretch to the length or when shooting a series of subjects located at different distances from the camera, determine the value of the necessary diaphragm by the depth-of-field scale and diaphragm the lens by setting diaphragm scale 21 in the required position relative to the index.
Depth of field scale 22 consists of two rows of figures corresponding to the lens diaphragm scale which are disposed symmetrically relative to distance scale index 24.
When the lens is being focused, the depth of field scale shows on the distance scale the shortest and longest distances from the camera within the bounds of which the image sharpness will be satisfactory for each diaphragm value selected while taking pictures.
For example, in Fig. 9 you can see that when the lens is focused at a distance of 1.1 m., the diaphragm being 5.6, all the subjects located at a distance of 1.05 to 1.2 m. from the camera will be sharply photographed. When the diaphragm is 8, the subjects located from 1 to 1.25 m. from the camera are produced sharply on the pictures and so on.
Figure 11
25 - exposure scale dial; 26 - diaphragm and sensitivity scale dial; 27 - index; 28 - follow-up pointer; 29 - meter pointer.
Then aim the camera at the subject to be photographed and, turning the exposure scale dial 25 to either side, make follow-up pointer 28 coincide with meter pointer 29 (Fig. 11). Then find the readings of the calculator.
It should be noted that in this position the calculator will show a number of combinations of shutter speeds and diaphrams. Any of these combinations will give the same exposure. Select the necessary value of the shutter speed depending on the real conditions of shooting or by the diaphragm set earlier.
Fig. 11 shows the calculator with combination: shutter speed 1/125- diaphragm 4; then, shutter speed 1/60 - diaphragm 5.6; shutter speed 1/30 corresponds to diaphragm 8 and so on.
It should be kept in mind that the exposure meter gauges the mean brightness of the subjects to be photographed. In case the area of the subjects which is important from the point of view of the plot occupies a small part of the frame or considerably differs by its brightness, you should better find the exposure value for measuring the brightness when you are standing in the immediate vicinity to this subject, i.e. at a distance of 30 - 40 cm.
Protect the aperture of the photocell from immediate rays of powerful light sources, otherwise it may result in erros in determining the exposure value.
In case the light source is in front of the camera it is good practice to put a sunshade on the lens.
Having determined the value of the necessary exposure, raise slightly exposure head 13 and turn it until the index registers with the selected value on exposure scale 14 (fig. 2). Lower it back in place.
The exposure can be set only with the shutter cocked. Do not turn the head in the interval between 30 and 1.
The numbers on the exposure scale show the exposure values provided by the shutter in fractions of a second )1, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/15, 1/30, 1/60, 1/125, 1/250, and 1/500). Letter "B" determines the head position for obtaining prolonged exposures "by hand", when pressing on the release button the shutter remains open till the moment of button release.
The head of exposures is set on exposure scale divisions 1, 2, 4, 8, and 15 somewhat higher than on the other divisions; do not try by pressing the head to lower it down.
Now aim the camera at the subject to be photographed, check the position in the field of view of the viewfinder, choose the necessary moment and smoothly press on the release button of the shutter.
Figure 12
In taking ictures with the automatic releaser, when the diaphragm and exposure are set, cock the automatic releaser; with this purpose turn automatic releaser lever 1 counterclockwise as shown in Fig. 12, into the top position. Secure the camera on the tripod and set by the viewfinder the necessary position of the camera. Press on automatic releaser button 2 (Fig. 12) and stand on the spot chosen beforehand. The shutter will release in 9 - 15 seconds.
It is possible to cock the shutter with the automatic releaser either released or cocked.
When photographing with a flash lamp, the shutter should be set at 1/30 second, and the diaphragm value is selected in accordance with the sensitivity of the film, the distance to the subject to be photographed and the lamp power.
Figure 13
For photographing place the lamp reflector in race 8 and insert the lamp plug cord in the synchronizer socket 3 (figs. 1 and 13).
The flash lamps can be connected and disconnected with the shutter either cocked or released.
More detailed information on shooting with flash lamps can be obtained by referring to instructions supplied with lamps and to photography manuals.
On depressing the release button the flash lamp is switched on simultaneously with the shutter operation. The flash lamp can be also switched on with the aid of the automatic releaser.
When photographing, the film is pulled out of the magazine and wound onto the take-up reel. To reload the camera for the next shooting, the film should be rewound back into the magazine.
As soon as you take ictures of 36 frames, disconnect the shutter mechanism. To do this, press the fluted end of disconnector bush 15 (Fig. 2) downwards and turn the bush towards the letter "B" (return).
Figure 14
Turning the rewind disc as shown in Fig. 14, rewind the whole film into the magazine.
While rewinding the film back the lens should be covered with a cap.
Complete rewind of the film will be defined by the change of effort needed for pulling out the film end from the take-up reel.
Open the camera as it was mentioned above and take out the magazine.
Turn the shutter mechanism disconnector bush into initial position as far as it will go in the direction of the arrow toward the letter "C" (photographing).
Put the cover on the camera and lock it up. Put the camera into a case and fasten it with a tripod screw.
Special Notice concerning flash synchronisation & reloadable cassettes
The shutter is synchronised for electronic flash only, at a maximum speed of 1/30 second.
Flash bulbs may also be used but at a maximum shutter speed of 1/15 second. (This gives a much higher effective speed due to the duration of the flash).
Reloadable cassettes, although mentioned in the instruction book, are no longer supplied with this camera.
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